i 

The 

r. 

■   ■'  .  .■     ^t:  :    t  "'■  rv. 

W.  C.WeWes. 

:?/i 


;#* 


PRINCETON,  N.  J. 


% 


i 


BL  240  .W44  1901 
Welles,  William  Cook. 
The  Mosaical  account  of 
creation  from  a  strictly 


THE 


MOSAICAL 
ACCOUNT 


or 


Creation 


From  a  strictly  Scientific 
standpoint. 


By  W.   C.   >VELLES,    Parkersburg,  W.  Va. 


Published  by  the  Jtuthor.  PRICE,  30  CTS. 

Four  Copies  to  one  address,  St.OO. 


/luthorofthe  "TRUE  ORZGI\  OF  COJtL. 

('oi'VKKJllT  iiY    Tin:  A  irilou,  I'.tdl. 


(jKhHN  Color  wherever  found   represents,  according  to   Gcoloj;\ 
Dry  Land  conditions.     BLUE,  Age  of  Water.     RED,  Age  of  Heat. 


o- 


Pleiocene 
Meio:ene 
Eocene 


Geology 
6th  day  Man 

5th  Day    ^ 

B 

!    S 


Eifi. 


Moses 
6th  day  Man 

5th  Day  ^ 

3rd  &  I 

4th       2  i 

Day   -gj  S 

^^  T3 

■a  C 


CO 


u«- 


Dana 

6th  Day 
Man 


Mammals 


Creta- 


O  Carbon- 

,,,        .  iferous. 

O     o 

4>   Devoniar 


Swamp 
Reptiles. 

Amphibians. 
SwampPlants 

Vertebrates. 
Shellfish. 


Q 

2nd 

Day 

rjxi 

.2S 

a. 

0^  P- 

o 

al  fc 

<u 

< 

> 

<u 

°fe 

ii  <u 

•■T   c 

c 

-J-- 

HJ 

E 

C3 

E 

es  «- 
MO 

o.r 


73 

C       «« 

cS        «> 

a 

w       « 

73     x: 

.c 

;5    ^ 

la 

OQ 

3rd 

Day 

Fruit  Trees.    | 

4th 

Day 

5th 

D?.v 

Shell 

" 

^ 

< 

m 
X 

Laurentiai 
Period  or 
Metamor- 
phic. 

Azoic 
No  Life. 

1st  Day 

O 

UJ 

O 
< 

Nebular 
Condensa- 
tion. 

Nebular 
Condens- 
ation. 

Nebular 

Condens 

ation. 

3rd  Day 
Dry  Land. 


2nd    Day.      1 

1st  Dav. 

J 

THE  MOSAICAL  ACCOUNT  OF  CREATION. 


During  the  author's  Geological  researches,  one  point  after  an- 
other aroused  a  suspicion  In  his  mind  that  the  Casmogouy  of  Moses 
had  not  beer,  fairly  and  squarely  dealt  with  by  his  sclentiflc  Interpre- 
ters. 

He  therefore  determined  to  investigate  the  matter  from  a  purely 
«icientJfic  standpoint,  giving  Moses  all  that  Is  his  due,  upon  his  clearly 
expressed  claims,  and  the  science  of  Geology  all  that  is  clearly  due 
to  the  discoveries  made  by  it,  and  the  logical  deductions  following 
those  discoveries. 

The  following  rules  of  Interpretation  were  decided  upon,  whicli 
certainly  are  stringent  enough  to  bring  out  the  whole  value  of  the 
inspiration  of  Moses. 

Rule  1.— Moses  is  entitled  to  a  plain  common  sense,  but  logical 
interpretation,  of  his  clearly  expressed  claims,  as  found  in  the  Ist 
<Jhapter  of  Genesis. 

Rule  2.— His  claims  as  to  successive  periods  in  numerical  order 
must  not  l>e  changed. 

Rule  3.— Each  successive  period  must  be  accepted  as  a  unit  and 
not  divided  up,  with  the  divisions  thereof,  located  in  disconnected 
seological  ages  entirely  different. 

This  much  is  due  Moses,  If  truly  inspired,  his  account  will  stand 
the  strain  of  rigid  investigation,  just  as  it  is  written  without  the  aid 
of  injudicious  friends  in  reducing  It  to  detached  fragments  and  plas- 
tering it  over  the  geological  ages  indiscriminately. 

Rule  4.— Wherever  the  clearly  expressed  claims  of  Moses  coincide 
with  the  thoroughly  established  discoveries  for  any  age  or  period 
cl"  Geology  there  in  that  period  or  age  the  day  or  period  of  Moses 
must  be  located. 

Rule  o.— No  such  thing  as  "forcing  a  balance"  can  be  tolerated. 
Both  sides  must  stand  or  fall  on  their  own  merits  alone. 

The  time  ha:>  come  when  the  world  should  liuow  how  mucii 
faith  can  be  reposed  in  the  inspiration  of  Moses. 

As  the  case  now  stands,  accepting  of  the  interpretation  given 
in  the  1st  Chapter  of  Genesis  by  sclentiflc  men  and  christians  too: 
one  who  can  read  between  the  lines,  and  understands  the  priuciplej^ 
of  Geology  can  easily  see  that  these  very  Interpreters  themselves  hav« 
none  too  much  confidence  in  the  Inspiration  of  Moses.  See  Dana* 
Manual,  article  "Cosmogony." 


4  THE  MOSAICAL  ACCOUNT  OF  CREATION. 

Upon  examination  I  find  that  all  of  the  above  plain  ru)  .'s  of  In- 
terpretation have  been  violated  in  the  cosmogonies  given  to  the  worul 
by  learned  geologists,  professing  to  interpret  the  mosaical  account 
of  creation. 

To  prove  the  inspiration  of  Moses  it  is  not  necessary  that  hi.s 
account  of  creation  should  run  along  In  the  exact  lines  with  the  geo- 
logical hlritory  of  the  earth. 

It  is  enough  if  his  description  runs  parallel  with  geology  and 
logically  covers  the  facts  stated  in  geology. 

My  ti'taties  will  begin  with  the  origin  of  tin  solar  sysiem,  as  de- 
veloped through  the  Nebular  Hypothesis  and  leading  up  to  the  paysl- 
cal  earth  as  an  incandescent  sphere.  • 

The  representative  Cosmogony  which  I  shall  \criticise  and  com- 
pare will  be  that  of  Dana  in  his  Manual  of  Geology. 

"In  the  beginning"  for  we  are  told  in  the  Christian's  Bible  that 
there  was  a  beginnmg,  but  how  far  bacli  in  point  of  time  that  be- 
ginning was,  this  bible  does  not  indicate,  one  day  bemg  to  the  LorJ 
jis  a  thousand  years. 

Time  to  an  infinite  being  has  no  significance,  but  this  we  do 
know,  that  the  beginning  was  so  far  bacli  in  the  dim  past,  that  the 
mind  of  man  fails  to  realize  its  immensity. 

Modem  improvements  in  the  Telescope  have  enabled  us  to  see 
suns  and  systems  so  far  away  in  this  universe  of  God,  that  had  the 
hand  of  their  creator  blotted  them  from  existence  three  hundred 
thousand  years  ago,  the  last  rays  of  their  expiring  light  would  still 
be  travelling  towards  our  earth  and  that  light  would  still  be  visible 
in  our  telescopes  although,  that  star  itself,  had  been  annihilated  al- 
most three  hundi'ed  thousand  years  ago. 

Such  stars  therefore  must  have  had  a  beginning,  three  hundretl 
thousand  years  ago. 

Thus  tar  back  in  the  history  of  the  uuivei'se,  we  can  place  that 
period  mentioned  in  scripture,  "He  made  the  stars  also." 

When  we  reflect  that  light  travels  from  the  moon  to  the  eartli 
m  about  1  and  1-4  second,  and  from  the  sun  in  a^ut  eight  minutes, 
we  can  form  some  slight  conception  otf  the  overwhelming  distance 
ffhich  separates  us  from  those  distant  stars,  20,000,000,000  times  far- 
ther awav  than  our  sun. 

In  treating  of  this  work  of  creation,  I  will  follow  out  to  a  logical 
conclusion     the  ideas  suggested     is  the  Nebular  Hypothesis,     where 


THE  MOSAIGAL  ACCOUNT  OF  CREATION. 

ever  it  accords  with  tlioso  tlioroughly  established  laws,  both  chemicaJ 
and  mechanical  which  control  throughout  this  universe  of  uod. 

THIS  NEBULAR  HYPOTHESIS 

is  the  accepted  theory  of  creation.  It  is  the  only  theory  which  coii»- 
oides  with  the  facts,  as  ascertained  by  science. 

It  accounts  for  the  present  condition  of  the  earth,  and  its  history 
in  the  past  lior  the  origin  of  our  sister  planets,  and  their  satellites,  for 
the  sun,  and  its  various  phases,  in  fact,  while  it  may  be  improve!? 
upon,  I  doubt  that  it  will  ever  be  superseded. 

The  word  "Nebula"  means  a  cloud,  and  is  applied  by  astronomers 
» to  whitish,  cloudy  spaces  in  the  starry  firmament  (such  as  the  milliy 
way). 

Some  of  these  Nebulae,  which  telescopes  fail  to  resolve  into 
bnown  to  be  aggregations  of  stars,  so  unutterably  far  away,  that 
they  appear  to  be,  tut  white  patches  in  the  sky. 

Some  of  these  Nebulae,  by  the  aid  of  powerful  telescopes,  are 
stars,  are  supposed  to  be,  vaporous  matter,  in  process  of  conden- 
sation, into  future  worlds. 

Hypothesis  means  a  supposition  or  conjecture,  literally,  from 
the  Greek  it  means  something  placed  beneath  a  foundation. 

The  Nebular  Hypothesis,  is  therefore,  the  cloudy  supposition, 
or  foundation  of  the  origin  of  our  Solar  System. 

It  means  therefore,  a  conjecture  or  supposition,  that  the  mater 
fals  of  which  the  solar  system  were  formed,  were  m  the  form  of  a 
vapory  cloud,  filling  the  space  now  occupied  by  the  sun  and  its  at- 
tendant planets  and  that  this  material  was  in  its  elementary  atomic 
condition. 

Every  known  substance  can  be  convertetl  into  vapor,  provid- 
ing only,  that  it  be  submitted  to  a  heat  sufficiently  intense. 

The  freezing  point  of  water  is  32  degrees  F;  below  32  degrees 
it  is  solid;  above  32  degrees  and  up  to  212  degrees  it  is  a  liquid. 
and  above  212  degrees  it  is  a  vapor. 

Mercury  is  a  solid  at  40  degrees  below  zero  F;  above  that  point 
ap  to  650  degrees  it  is  a  liquid,  and  above  650  degrees  it  is  a  gas. 

Sulphur  below  a  temperature  of  2  2  degrees  is  a  solid  body, 
between  2.32  degrees  and  800  degrees  it  is  a  Uquul,  and  above  800 
it  is  a  gas. 


6  THE  MOSAICAL  ACCOUNT  OF   CREATiaN. 

The  metal  zinc  is  a  solid  up  to  about  700  degrees  F  when  it  be- 
comes a  liquid,  and  above  900  it  is  a  gas. 

These  atoms  of  the  materials,  composing  the  sub,  and  his  at- 
tending planets,  were  supposed  to  occupy  and  fill  the  space  now  occu- 
pied by  the  Solar  System,  and  these  atoms  of  gold,  silver,  iron,  mer- 
(Uiy,  aluminum,  calcium,  etc,  were  floating  in  space,  and  presento'l 
the  appearance  of  a  misty  cloud  over  a  space  not  less,  probably  than 
'iC-O,(ux»,00(),(i<.O  of  miles  in  diameter. 

Since  this  radius  distance  is  about  one-fiftieth  part  of  the  dis- 
tance from  our  sun  to  the  nearest  centre  of  another  system,  we  feeJ 
that  we  are  not  exaggerating  the  distance  to  which  the  influence  of 
our  sun  extends,  when  we  place  It  at  100  billions  of  miles. 

Chemistry  defines  an  atom  to  be  such  an  infinitely  small  per 
tion  of  physical  sobstance,  tbaf  it  ts  incapable  of  any  further  sub 
division. 

It  is  impossible  for  the  human  mind  to  realize  the  almost  infinite 
divisibility  of  matter. 

Take  gold  as  an  example,  it  is  stated,  that  gold  can  be  beaten 
out  into  leaves  so  thin,  that  it  will  require  300,000  of  them  to  make 
one  inch  in  thickness. 

Imagine  one  of  these  thin  leaves  divided  into  enbe's  of  the  sainr 
diameter,  one  three  hundred  thOQsaadths  part  of  an  inch,  and  you: 
will  have  90,000,000,000  of  these  small  cubes  out  of  one  square  Inch 
of  gold  leaf- 

The  number  of  these  little  cubes  required  to  fill  a  box  one  inch 
deep  would  be — how  many  ? 

Counting  one,  each  second,  continuously  night  and  day,  would 
require  over  900  millions  of  years  to  count  them,  but  if  these  cube's 
were  divided  into  atoms,  the  number  would  be  not  less  than  100,000 
times  greater. 

Such  is  the  infinite  divisibility  of  the  materials  of  which  thiB 
physical  world  is  composed. 

According  to  the  Nebular  Hypothesis,  this  tremendous  space  of 
100  billions  of  miles  was  filled  with  this  vaporous  material,  of  which 
a  universe  was  to  be  formed. 

Creation  was  the  calling  into  existence  of  this  vaporous  materiaS 
and  fashioning  it  into  a  solar  system,  with  its  central  sun,  its  revolv- 
h)g  planets  and  their  attendant  satellites. 

There  is  one  thoroughly  established  law  which  infinite  wisdom 
and  power  has  placed  in  operation,  which  was  to  control,  and  work 


THE  MOSAICAL  ACCOUNT  OF  CREATION.  7 

out  to  a  complete  and  perfect  system,  this  new  creation  which  GckI 
had  determined  upon  for  his  own  glwry. 

This  general  law  is  the  law  of  attraction  which  acts  reciprocally 
on  all  the  materials  composing  this  Physical  Universe. 

At  creations  dawn  millions  of  our  years  ago  it  began  its  worli. 
by  the  command  of  Jehovah  and  under  its  influence,  life  and  motiou 
were  infused  into  the  chaotic  elements  of  future  worlds. 

The  mutual  attraction  of  these  gaseous  elements,  resulted  in  con- 
densation, the  result  of  condensation  Is  motion,  towards  a  common 
centre  with  Its  logical  result,  a  development  of  heat.  Thus  at  the  com- 
mand of  Jehovah,  the  work  of  creation  had  begun. 

Another  result  of  condensation  Is  a  cir(fular  motion  or  revoli!- 
tloD  arotind  a  common  centra,  whether  the  material  be  a  fluid  or  a  gap. 

A  familiar  illustration,  of  this  motion,  is  found,  when  pouring 
a  liquid  through  a  large  funnel,  the  passage  of  the  liquid,  through  thtr 
funnel  l)elow.  is  practically,  condensation,  the  liquid  moving  from 
the  circumference  rowarls  a  common  centre,  as  soon  as  tlie  funu*^! 
starts  flowing,  and  is  filled,  a  circular  motion,  around  a  common  cen- 
tre begins,  and  continues,  so  long,  as  the  funnel  is  kept  filled,  and  tJii.«: 
motion,  is  difficult  to  check  or  control. 

The  result  of  this  attraction,  acting  upon  this  enormous  mass  ot 
vaporized  material,  was,  that  through  condensation,  motion  was  im- 
parted, and  this  motion,  was  around  the  common  centre,  which  centre, 
ultimately  was  the  sun,  the  centre  of  this  great  system. 

Chemical  cohesive  attraction  once  begun,  went  forward  witii 
accelerated  speed;  more  rapid  condensation  with  a  greater  accelerated 
speed,  of  revolution. 

When,  this  speed  of  revolvition  became  so  great,  that  the  cenlr-.- 
fugal  force  eiceded,  at  the  circumference,  the  attraction  towards  tlir 
centre,  the  outer  ring  of  vapor,  now  having  become  incandescent, 
through  the  great  heat  of  condensation,  separated  from  tlie  main  body 
and  formed  a  fiery,  revolving  ring,  which  by  rfurther  condensation, 
«nd  combination,  became  a  blazing  planet  In  the  sky. 

In  the  mean  time,  further  condensation,  produces  mora  rapid  re» 
oIutlOD,  resulting  in  the  separation  of  another  Incandscent  ring,  from 
the  blazing  mass,  until  one  ring  after  another,  having  separated,  (each 
the  nucleus  of  a  planet)  nothing  remains  bat  the  central  fiery  mass, 
representing  the  sun,  around  which  these  flaming  rings,  or  embryo 
planets  were  circling. 


s    thp:  mosaical  account  of  ceeation. 

rerh:ii)s  it  may  not  be  oiear  to  all,  whence  the  source  of  this  Iti- 
tiiiso  heat,  where  originates  these  fiery  conditious? 

Heat  and  cold  are  relative  terms,  cold  is  simply  absence  ol  heat 
remove  heat  and  a  lower  temperature  results.  A  temperature  of  0 
degrnes  indicates,  that  there  Is  a  temperatui'e  32  degrees  less  than  the 
J'reezing  point  of  water,  not  that  there  is  a  total  absence  of  heat,  so 
also  a  temperature  of  100  degrees  below  0  degree  a  relatively  less 
amount  of  heat. 

A  (familiar  example  of  a  popular  error,  will  Illustrate  this,  la 
freezing  cream,  we  place  the  cream  in  a  can,  and  surround  the  can, 
with  a  mixture  of  salt  and  ice.  Any  one  would  probably  say,  that  the 
salt  and  ice,  was  for  the  purpose  of  furnishing  cold,  to  freeze  the 
eream,  but  the  reverse,  is  the  case,  it  is  for  the  purpose,  of  drawing 
away  tlie  heat  from  the  cream. 

The  salt  has  a  powarful  attraction,  for  the  water  of  the  ice.  but 
cannot  unite  with  it,  unless  the  ice  melts,  but  the  ice  cannot  melt  with 
out  heat  it  therefore,  draws  the  heat  away  from  the  cream  as  it 
melts,  and  leaves  the  cream  frozen. 

Throughont,  this  vast  area  of  100  billions  of  miles,  diffused, 
throughout  this  elementary  vapor,  filling  this  enormous  space,  there 
was  a  certain  normal  temperature  prevailing. 

This  normal  temperature  of  space,  is  variously  estimated,  as 
low  as  500  degrees  below  zero  F.  Let  us  assume  it  to  be  500  degree-3 
F.  as  the  zero  of  absolute  temperature. 

Supposing  now  this  vapor  condensed,  to  one  thousandth  part  of 
Its  original  bulk,  then  the  resulting  temperature,  wouW  correspond  to 
oOO  degrees  of  F,  which,  is  within  150  degrees  of  a  dull  red  heat 

Bat  the  condensation  from  the  original  bulli  in  space,  to  the  diam- 
eter of  Neptune's  orbit,  would  reauce  the  I?ulk  to  one  eight 
thousandth  part,  of  the  original  bulk,  which  is  equivalent  to  a  theo- 
retical temperature,  of  3500  degrees  F. 

The  fact  is,  that  such  an  enormous  temperature,  must  be  greatly 
reduced.  Excessive  heat  produces  expansion,  and  checks  condensa- 
tion, until  the  excess  is  radiated,  at  what  degree  of  temperature,  thi* 
neutral  point  would  be  reached,  we  know  not. 

This  much  can  be  said,  that  when  that  degree  of  temperature,  is 
reached,  where  excessive  heat,  neutralizes  condensation,  from  that 
point,  condensation  continues,  only,  in  proportion,  to  the  radiation  of 
that  excessive  heat 

The  sun,  is  probably,  in  the  condition,  where  the  intense  heat 
prevents  further  rapid  condensation,  but  there  is  no  doubt  that,  In 


THE  MOSAICAL  ACCOUNT  OF  CREATION.  0 

future  millions  of  years,  it  will  go  on  radiating  heat,  with  correspond- 
ing  proportionate  contraction,  until,  in  the  far  off  Eternity  (almost) 
when  this  planet  on  which  we  live,  has  become  a  frozen,  dried  up 
sphere,  the  sun  shrunk  to  one-half,  or  less,  its  present  l)ulk,  may  be 
preparing  for  the  future  home,  of  ottii^i^'aiih  better  beings,  than  ever 
peopled  this  earth.  *   ""  ' 

One  thousand  degrees' is  the  equivalent  of  a  red  heat  one  thous- 
and five  hundred  degrees  to  two  thousand  degrees  a  white  heat  and 
six  thousand  degrees  the  heat  of  the  Electric  Arc. 

What  a  grand  and  glorious  Sig'ht.'must  have  been  presented,  in 
the  sky,  nine  mighty  rings,  of  incandescent  matter,  revolving,  arouu(] 
a  blazing  central  mass,  each  mass  growing  brighter,  as  it  grew  more 
spherical,  through  continuous  condensation,  until  a  solid  nucleus,  of 
melted  material,  is  formed  in  each  fiery  mass,  each  aggregating  to  Its 
own  nucleus,  this  melted  material,  which  formed,  finally,  a  planet, 
glawing  with  the  brilliancy  of  the  sun.     Fig.  1. 

Thus,  through  laws,  coutrolling  and  governing,  the  matter  of  the 
material  world,  and  placed  in  operation,  by  the  Infinite  power,  of  a 
great  Creator  was  the  inolar  system  of  Avhich  we  are  an  infinitestimal 
poition,  established,  in  God's  universe. 

This,  was  the  period  referred  to  in  the  first  chapter  of  Ceuesis, 
'•In  the  beginning  God  created  the  heavens  and  the  earth." 

What  a  magnificent  sight,  this  must  have  been,  could  it  have 
been  granted,  to  mortal  eyes,  to  look  forth,  upon  this  mighty  work- 
shop of  the  Infinite  Creator,  this  great  labratory,  as  it  were,  where 
mighty  masses  of  glowing  materials,  were  moulded  into  worlds,  re 
plete  with  everything  necessary,  to  gratify  the  necessities,  and  fancies 
of  its  future  inhabitants. 

Each  fieiy  Planet,  from  one  hundred  to  one  thousand  times  great- 
er, than  its  present  bulk,  and  shining,  with  a  brilliancy  which,  the  eye 
could  not  endure. 

Our  own  planet,  at  the  time  when  the  moon,  in  a  manner  similar 
to  the  planets,  separated,  from  its  revolving  surface,  must  have  beoi 
51)0,000  miles  in  diameter,  instead  of  the  8000  which  it  is  now.  It 
then  extended  to  the  moon,  and  both  together,  rivaled  the  suu  in 
brilliancy. 

What  a  change,  in  our  cold  pale  satellite,  and  how  diflicult  to 
realize,  yet  the  thousands  upon  thousands  of  volcanic  cones,  visible 
through  a  telescope  upon  the  moon's  surface,  Indicate  clearly  that 
our  cold,  pale,  dead  neighbor,  was  once,  full  of  activity,  and  her  coiidi- 


10  THE  MOSAICAL  ACCOUNT  OF  CBEATION, 

tion,  now-'  points  out  the  path,  which  our  earth  too,  must  tread,  Ju 
future  ages. 

From  the  beginning  until  the  period,  when  the  earth  became  suf- 
ficiently cooled,  so  that  the  water,  could  remain  upon  it,  long  ages 
elapsed.  In  which,  these  crude  planets,  were  radiating  into  space,  their 
surplus  heat,  and  becoming  cooled,  to  a  contlition,  which  would  enable 
tliem  to  be  utilized,  in  God's  plan  of  Creation. 

The  smaller  planets,  including  the  Earth,  parted  with  their  heat, 
fii-st,  while  the  two  larger  planets,  Jupiter  and  Saturn  are  now  prob- 
ably too  hot,  for  water  to  remain  upon  them,  and  Jupiter,  Js  covered 
with  dense  cloud. 

Naturally  the  heavier  materials  of  the  Solar  system,  would 
gravitate  toward  the  center  of  the  mass,  and  this  is  borne  out,  by  the 
specific  gravities  of  the  planets. 

The  bullc  of  the  sun  is  so  great  on  account  of  its  thick  gaseous 
envelope,  that  its  true  specific  gravity  cannot  be  obtained,  but  the 
other  planets,  confirm  the  theory.  Mercury  is  12  Venus  6  Earth  5  Ju- 
piter 1.},  but  this  is  not  correct  for  Jupiter,  for  the  calculation  includes 
its  cloudy  envelope. 

Our  Earth  avrages  5,  btit  from  the  surface,  to  a  considerable 
depth,  the  average  Is  only  2i,  showing  that  the  heavier  materials  must 
be  towards  the  earth's  centre,  or  that  compression  produces  greater 
density. 

THE  FIRST  DAY  OF  CREATION.     FIG.  2. 

At  that  point  in  the  history  of  the  solar  system,  where  the  earth 
as  one  of  the  planetary  spheres,  had  cool*d  down  to  about  1000  de- 
grees F  iu  temperature,  the  statements  and  conditions  of  the  1st  verse 
of  Genesis  having  been  realized,  we  surmise  that  the  vision  of  crea- 
tion as  given  by  Moses  begins.     See  2nd  verse  of  Genesis.     Fig.  2. 

In  the  2nd  verse  of  Genesis  he  speaks  of  the  earth  as  if  existent 
and  visible,  being  •'without  (form  and  void"  even  after  it  had  been 
created,  therefore  some  meaning  must  be  given  to  that  expression 
consistent  with  the  spherical  existence  of  the  earth  and  logically  con- 
sistent with  what  follows. 

"Without  form  and  void"  would  therefore  mean  that  this  newly  cre- 
ated sphere  was  destitute  of  tliose  ordinary  features  characteristic 
of  the  earth  as  Moses  knew  it,  no  mountains  with  their  forests,  no  ex- 
tensive plains  with  their  lakes  and  rivers  ail  a  dreary  featurelesMi 
formle.s.s  waste. 


THE  MOSAICAL   ACCOUNT   OF  CREATION. 


There  is  uo  desire  on  the  part  at  the  author  to  carp  at  the  word 
day  for  it  is  used  in  the  Bible  to  express  an  idefinite  period. 

In  the  2nd  chapter  of  (Jenesis,  and  the  4th  verse  it  is  used  to  in- 
clude the  whole  6  days  otf  Creation. 

"A  thousand  years  is  as  one  day"  to  the  Lord. 

The  Lord's  7th  day  of  Creation  is  now  over  6000  years  old  and 
no  one  can  tell  how  many  hundreds  of  thousands  of  years  it  may  con- 
tinue. 

"The  day  of  Salvation"  is  also  0000  years  old  and  the  otter  not 
yet  withdrawn. 

"Darkness  rested  upon  the  face  of  the  deep,  and  the  spirit  of  God 
nioved  upon  the  face  of  the  waters"  is  the  further  description  of  tli*- 
first  day. 

This  description,  "darkness  and  water"  gives  a  clue  to  the  c*ondi- 
tiou  of  the  earth. 

At  some  period  in  the  history  of  the  earth's  development,  th«? 
water  belonging  to  it,  was  in  the  air  as  cloudy  vapor  and  since  watei' 
expands  about  800  times  in  becoming  vapor,  the  clouds  upon  the 
earth's  surface  must  have  extended  over  2000  miles  above  the  earth, 
and  rested  upon  the  earth  with  a  pressure  of  6000  lbs.  per  square  inch, 
instead  of  15  lbs.  as  it  does  now. 

Also  there  was  oxygen  free  and  combined  with  carbon,  chlorine, 
sulphur,  sodium,  potassium,  lead,  zinc,  etc.,  in  the  form  of  vapoi, 
which  would  increase  the  pressure  three  fold  or  about  20,000  lbs.  to 
the  square  inch. 

Water  boils  at  a  temperature  ranging  fi-om  40  degrees  in  a  vac- 
cuum  to  212  degrees  at  the  pressure  of  one  atmosphere. 

At  10  atmospheres  (14l>  lbs.  per  square  inch)  the  boiling  point  )s 
about  350  degrees  while  a  pressure  of  20,000  lbs.  it  boils  at  about 
1500  degrees  F.  or  double  tlie  melting  point  of  zinc,  the  temperatuiv 
of  a  bright  flame. 

Enlightened  by  the  above  logical  condition  of  the  earth,  at  some 
ix>int  in  its  history  after  it  became  a  sphere,  let  us  ascertain  whether 
the  al)ove  statement  of  Moses  will  apply. 

Above  and  surrounding  the  earth  was  this  dense  dark  mass  or 
vapor  and  gas  which  absolutely  excluded  every  ray  of  light  from  tnc 
outside  universe,  so  dense  and  dark  was  it  that  the  light  from  the 
earth's  incandescent  sphere,  only  served  to  illuminate  and  make  plaiD 
its  hideous  blackness,  and  caused  the  inspired  writer  to  exclaim,  that 
•'darkness  covered  the  face  of  the  deep."  See  Fig.  2. 


12  THE  MOSAICAL  ACCOUNT  OF  CREATION. 

The  question  then  arises,  bow  could  the  "spirit  of  GoU  move 
upon  the  waters"  or  how  could  such  an  idea  arise  in  the  mind  ot 
^Eose^? 

Let  us  recall  some  of  the  eventful  periods  in  the  life  of  Moses 
and  see  if  we  cannot  find  out  clearly  what  was  associated  in  his  mind 
with  the  spirit  of  GodV 

While  Moses  was  herding  Jethro's  sheep  in  the  desert  of  Sinai. 
(Exodus  III  2-5v.)  he  was  amazed  at  the  sight  of  a  grove  on  fire  with 
not  a  leaf  withered  nor  a  twig  scorched,  and  there  he  learned  that  a 
Halo  Off  Glory  like  unto  a  brilliant  flame  was  characteristic  of  the 
presence  of  God's  spirit. 

Again  as  Moses  was  loading  the  Israelites  out  ot  H^gypt,  the  spirit 
of  God  as  a  pillar  of  fire  guarded  the  retreat  of  the  Israelites  from 
the  Egyptian  Hosts  at  the  crossing  of  the  Ked  Sea,  and  ovei'whelmed 
the  Egyptians  in  the  waters,  and  for  40  years  long  il  was  their  pro- 
tector and  guide  during  their  journey  through  the  wilderness. 

That  Mount  Sinai  from  which  the  laws  and  regulations  for  their 
government,  and  around  which  ilor  eleven  months  they  encamped 
seemed  to  be  all  on  fire,  through  the  ccntinued  presence  of  thai 
Glorious  Spirit. 

So  that  for  40  long  years  oif  his  life  as  a  law  giver  and  leader,  a 
flaming  fire  was  associated  in  his  mind  with  the  presence  of  the  Spirit 
of  God 

Can  we  wonder  then,  as  he  looked  forth  upon  this  great  sphere 
covered  with  water  heated  to  a  brilliant  flame  color  under  a  pressure 
1000  times  greater  than  now  exists  aud  saw  the  waves  of  flame  roll- 
ing and  surging  upon  its  surface,  he  should  have  exclaimed  that  "The 
Spirit  of  God  moves  upon  the  face  of  the  waters." 

Untold  myriads  of  years  passed  away,  the  earth  continually  radi- 
ating its  heat  into  space  was  covered  with  the  blackness  of  darkness 
and,  as  it  cooled,  the  water  of  the  atmosphere  condensed  upon  its 
surface,  and  the  atmospheric  pressure  correspondingly  decreased  until 
the  darkness  hanging  like  a  pall  over  the  earth  gave  way  to  a  faint 
gray  in  the  sky,  like  the  first  scarcely  preceptible  beginning  of  dawn, 
until  at  last  when  the  bulk  of  the  earth's  water  had  settled  upon  its 
surface,  a  dim,  diffused  light  from  the  outside  world  had  entered  and 
banishetl  the  midnight  blackness. 

So  it  was,  in  obedience  to  the  Creator's  fiat,  there  was  Light  and 
the  first  day  of  the  earth's  development  was  complete. 

I  cannot  agree  with  Dana  and  others  (see  Dana's  Cosmogony  p. 


THE  MOSAICAL  ACCOUNT  OF  CREATION.  13 

845  of  his  Maii|Uel)  who  locate  the  light  of  this  first  period  in  the  uebu- 
lar  condeusation,  hundreds  of  millious  of  years  prior  to  the  time, 
when  the  earth  became  a  spherical  body,  for  as  a  spherical  l^ody  only, 
could  it  be  literally  called  the  earth  or  its  condition  described. 

It  seems  to  me  that  the  first  verse  completes  all,  that  is  Intended 
to  be  said  concerning  the  creation  of  the  solar  system,  anu  that  1st 
verse  indicates  clearly  that  the  earth,  had  in  the  i:ud  verse  a  distinct; 
and  separate  existence,  also  the  liglit,  which  appeared  at  the  close  or 
the  1st  day  was  without  doubt  the  dim  light  of  the  sun  dilTused 
through  the  slowly  thinning  banlis  of  clouds  enveloping  tlie  earth, 
and  suggesting  the  idea  of  night  and  day. 

In  my  opinion,  the  above  interpretation  is  coulirmed  bj-  the  devel- 
opment af  the  firmament  on  the  2ud  day,  and  by  the  correlation  of 
the  3rd  day  with  the  geological  facts. 

Evidently  my  view  is  more  logical  than  Danas. 

"In  the  beginning  God  created  the  heavens  and  the  earth,"  seems 
to  be  an  introduction  to  the  subject.  Ue  does  not  then  go  on  to  ex- 
plain, how  this  creation  was  brought  alwut. 

The  earth's  condition  after  its  creation  must  have  been  an  incan- 
descent sphere.  The  spherical  earth  was  there  in  his  vision,  but  it 
was  destitute  of  its  reguJar  order  and  arrangement,  formless  and  vo-tl. 

On  the  other  hand  let  us  look  at  the  dithculties  surrounding 
Dana's  Cosmogony,  which  places  the  1st  day  of  Moses  at  the  very 
beginning  of  the  nebular  condensation. 

Under  such  conditions  Moses  could  have  seen  nothing.  Uniform 
darkness  reigned  everywhere,  no  waters  anywhere  on  which  the  spirit 
of  God  could  have  moved— no  earth  in  existence  anywhere  for  him  to 
describe,  no  water  existed  until  long  after  the  earth  became  a  sphere. 
He  could  have  said,  "There  is  darkness  on  the  great  deep  and 
God  said  let  there  be  light"  but  this  light  Avould  have  been  cosmlcaf 
light,  continuous  and  growing  brighter  until  a  glowing  si)h<Mv  w.is 
evolved. 

The  light  of  the  Mosaical  account  was  not  cosmical  light,  but 
an  alternating  light  separating  night  from  day,  and  darkness  from 
a  light.  In  other  words  it  was  the  diffused  sunlight  iH-netrating 
the  cloudy  envelope  of  the  earth,  for  the  sun  and  e.nUi  were  creaLC.! 
at  the  same  time,  although  the  sun  was  not  visibl(>  from  tho  earfh 
until  the  4th.  period  or  day. 

Dana  in  his  cosmogony  of  the  1st  day  isnores  ail  ol   th-'sie  points 


14  THE  MOSAICAL  ACCOUNT  OF   CREATION, 

mentioned  above  and  confines  his  tirsi  day  of  Moses  to  ttie  appear- 
ance of  cosmical  light  alone. 

A  fair  interpretation  of  Moses  in  the  light  of  his  other  statements 
locates  his  first  day  in  the  close  of  the  Archean  or  Azoic  Period 
and  at  a  point  just  prior  to  where  the  earth  had  sulticiently  cooled  so 
as  to  admit  of  lower  forms  of  marine  organic  life,  also  diffused  sun- 
light through  the  dense  envelope  of  clouds. 

The  history  of  the  creation  and  development  of  the  earth  In- 
volves three  great  periods  characterized  by  the  conditions  which 
prevail. 

1st.  An  Age  of  Heat.  (See  chait,  colored  red  on  chart.)  This 
period  began  with  nebular  condensation  and  continued  until  the  time 
in  its  history,  when  the  earth  and  its  surrounding  waters  uad  cooled 
down  to  about  135  degrees  F.  so  that  the  lower  forms  of  organic  life 
began  to  be  possible  upon  it,  and  includes  the  first  day  of  Moses. 

2nd.  The  Age  of  Water  (colored  blue)  incl^udes  the  Palaezolc  and 
Mesozoic  age  of  geology.  This  period  includes  all  of  the  life  in  the 
Palaczoic  age,  also  the  Reptilian  life  of  the  Mesozoic  age,  for  this  age 
of  water  extended  from  the  close  of  the  Azoic  to  the  beginning  of  the 
Tertiary. 

The  Reptilian  or  Mesozoic  age  necessitated  a  Tropical  Climate 
and  the  prevalence  of  Swamps,  Lakes  and  iJayous,  for  it  is  only  under 
such  conditions  that  such  enormous  Reptiles  could  have  flourished  so 
wonderfully,  without  abundant  water  they  could  not  flourish,  and  in 
fact,  the  elevation  of  the  continents  was  their  destruction,  and  their 
destmction  terminated  the  age  of  water. 

3rd.  The  Age  of  Dry  Land  vWOWk  color)  extends  from  and  In- 
cludes the  Tertiary  up  to  the  present  time. 

THE  SECOND  DAY  OF  CREATION. 

The  beginning  of  this  2nd  day  finds  the  earth  enveloped  In  the 
dim  light  oif  a  densely  cloudy  day,  the  cloudy  masses  like  a  dense  tog 
pressing  down  upon  the  earth 

A  slow  change,  however,  is  taking  place.  The  clouds  are  gradu- 
ally rising  up  from  the  earth  and  cleai-  space  faitervenes  between 
the  vast  oceans  of  the  earth  and  the  watery  clouds  of  the  sky.  Dur- 
ing the  2nd  day  the  earth  is  continuously  cooling,  the  moisture  of  the 
atmosphere  condensing,  the  clouds  thinning  away,  the  space  above 
the  earth  towards  the  clouds  (the  firmament)  increasing,  with  the 
consequent  result  of  Increased  light  upon  the  earth. 


THE  MOSAICAL  ACCOUNT  OF  CREATION.  15 

The  cooling  of  the  earth  produced  contraction  of  Its  vclume  and 
a  giving  way  in  the  wealier  portions  of  its  crust  into  which  the  waters 
flowing  left  those  portions  of  the  crust  which  did  not  yield,  nearer  the 
surface  and  these  last  finally  became  the  continents. 

The  lower  forms  of  life  are  represented  in  this  2nQ  day  although 
not  mntioned  in  the  account  of  Moses  and  this  iauure  connrms  the 
thv.ory  that  the  outlines  of  Creation  were  presented  to  Moses  in  a  vis- 
ioi:.  and  he  jpontlons  only  those  things  which  were  apparent  to  his 
sight,  he  therefore  mcntior.s  no  forms  of  life.  (Invisible  because  coverrtJ 
by  the  sea.j 

This  second  day  begins  somewhere  about  the  base  of  the 
Lower  Silurian  and  extends  to  the  Tertiary,  including  the  lower  forms 
of  life  in  the  Silurian,  the  marine  vertebrates  of  the  Devonian,  the 
amphibious  animal  and  vegetable  life  of  the  carboniferous  and  the 
Reptiles  of  the  Mesozoic.  and  is  THE  AGE  OP  WATER. 

The  above  classification  is  in  strict  conformity  with  the  re- 
searches of  the  geologists,  and  a  logical  deduction  from  the  language 
of  Moses, 

The  prevailing  types  o«f  animal  and  vegetable  life,  at  first  entirely 
marine  and  at  Its  close  amphibious,  prove  that  the  Palaezoic  and 
Mesozoic  ages  are  properly  classified  under  the  title  of  the  watery  age, 
and  the  2nd  day  of  Moses  characterized  by  the  slow  rising  of  the 
cloudy  envelope  above  the  earth  and  Its  continuous  condensation, 
shows  that  the  age  of  water  continued  until  the  continents  lifted 
their  lofty  heads  above  the  ocean.    The  two  are  therefore  Identical. 

The  development  of  the  firmament  Is  the  only  work  of  that  2nd 
day,  yet  It  covered  the  most  Important  field  of  geological  investigation. 

That  these  subaqueous  and  amphibious  forms  of  life  were 
wholly  Ignored  by  Moses  can  partly  be  accounted  for  from  the  theory, 
that  the  vision  of  necessity  revealed  nothing  beneath  the  waters,  and 
also  because  these  .forms  of  life,  had  but  little  importance  in  their 
bearing  upon  the  great  object  of  Creation,  ("The  life  of  Man,")  for 
nothing  of  the  animal  life  of  this  2nd  day  (age  of  water)  was  aliowed 
fcr  the  sustenance  of  Man.  Man  by  a  law  of  Moses  was  forbidden  to 
eat  any  animal  food  irora  the  water,  but  that  which  had  both  fins  and 
scales.  Nothing  from  among  birds  which  lived  on  animal  food,  and 
o£  land  animals  only  such  as  chewed  the  cud  and  divided  the  hoof. 
See  Leviticus  IT  Cbap.     All  of  the  above  belonged  to  and  flourished 


le  THE  MOSAICAL  ACCOUNT  OF  CBEATION. 

In  a  period  much  later  than  the  Mesozoic  Ago,  and  having  a  veiy  in- 
fluential bearing  upon  Man's  life  and  sustenance  were  therefore  men- 
tioned by  Moses  in  his  5th  and  Cth  days. 

The  vegetation  prior  to  the  Tertiary  was  also  entirely  ignored,  for 
there  was  nothing  prior  to  that  period  which  would  "support  a, 
donliey"  as  Hugh  Miller  expresses  it. 

God  through  Moses  had  virtuall.v  condemned  as  unclean  and  abom- 
inable in  his  sight  the  forms  of  life  peculiar  to  the  Palaezoic  and  Mes- 
ozoic age,  and  therefore  it  would  be  too  much  to  expect  that  these 
forms  of  Organic  life  could  take  a  prominent  place  in  this  vision  of 
Creation,  aa  introduction  to  the  history  of  Man's  redemption  au4 
purification. 

Would  the  Spirit  of  God  reveal  in  a  vision  to  Moses  as  one  of 
the  prominent  characteristics  of  this  newly  born  world,  those  forms 
of  physical  Life,  the  very  touch  of  which  would  have  shut  out  Moses 
from  the  presence  or  influence  of  that  SpiiTt  for  a  period  of  seven 
days? 

I  think  not! 

Yet  the  fact  remains,  that  the  2nd  day  of  Creation  covered  a 
period  in  which  these  lower  marine,  amphibian  and 'reptilian  forms  of 
Life  flourished. 

Dana  in  his  cosmogony  locates  the  2nd  day  as  also  the  first  in 
the  Nebular  period  where  the  nebular  matter  is  condensing  and  throw- 
ing oflf  planetary  spheres,  and  closes  his  2nd  day  with  the  earth  oa 
Incandescent  sphere. 

His  2nd  day  closes  where  we  think  the  1st  day  of  Moses  begins. 
(See  chart.) 

He  assmmes  that  the  expression  of  Moses  "dividing  the  waters 
from  the  waters''  means  dividing  melted  rock  'from  the  melted  or  fluid 
rocks.  It  is  a  very  queer  inspiration,  saying  one  thing  and  meaninj; 
another. 

I  cannot  agree  with  him  in  this,  aa  an  interpretation  of  Moses, 
and  therefore  protest  against  such  a  perversion  of  the  plain  language 
of  Moses.  Water  is  not  melted  rock,  and  the  firmament  is  generally 
understood  to  be  the  clear  space  above  the  earth  towards  the  clouds 
and  what  is  commonly  called  Heaven  Nebular  condensation  is  not 
Flrmamental  expansion. 

At  the  beginning  of  the  2nd  day,  the  wateiy  vapor  and  clouds 
rested  upon  the  universal  ocean.  The  firmament  was  the  development 
throuijb  cooling  and  condensation  of  a  clear  space  above  the  earth 


THE  MOSAICAL   ACCOUNT  OF  CREATION.  17 

, r 

extending  to  the  clouds  "separating  the  waters,  which  are  below  the 
firmament  from  the  waters  above"  and  Includes  the  period  In  which 
water  prevailed  upon  the  earth,  and  clouds  coverea  the  sky  which  T 
call  the  age  of  water.    (See  chart.) 

The  2nd  day  of  Moses  logically,  geologically  and  arithmetically 
fits  into  the  place  below  the  3rd  day. 

Moses  describes  the  imperfect  conditions  which  characterized  the 
Physical  earth  while  the  continents  were  struggling  upwards  from 
the  Palaezoic  oceans  and  Mesozolc  seas,  how,  during  that  Period  of  the 
2nd  day  universal  clouds  and  mists  at  its  beginning,  were  8ucceede<l 
by  clearing  skies  and  a  higher  firmament,  but  not  one  word  does  ho 
speak  concerning  the  great  panorama  of  lower  Organic  Life  which 
entered  upon  the  stage  and  passed  away,  while  the  earth  was  slowly 
developing  its  continental  Dry  Laud  conditions. 

He  describes  on  that  2nd  day  atmospheric  conditions  which  could 
only  have  existed  during  the  Palaezoic  and  Mesozoic  Ages  which  are 
corroborated  by  the  geological  records  of  those  periods,  as  periods  oif 
continuous  clouds  and  mists,  f  oceans,  seas,  and  swamps;  of  amphi- 
bious vegetable  and  animal  Life. 

Prof.  Pepper  claims  for  the  carboniferous  age  "a  damp  and 
steamy  atmosphere  with  incessant  rains".  Dana  (p.  352)  claim* 
"heavy  mists"  which  presupposes  continuous  clouds. 

THE  THIRD  DAY  OF  CREATION. 

The  Mosalcal  vision  of  the  3rd  day  opens  with  tli©  appeoranoe  of 
the  Dry  Land  above  the  oceans  and  the  gathering  of  the  waters  Into 
seas. 

There  can  be  here  no  question  concerning  the  meaning  and  Inten- 
tion of  Moses.  He  means  that  the  continents  appeared  alx)ve  th« 
waves  with  their  mountains,  down  whose  slopes  the  waters  flowed 
forming  the  rills,  creeks  and  rivers,  carrying  off  the  water  from  th» 
surface  and  leaving  the  laud  "dry." 

Geology  teaches  that  the  groat  Dry  Land  period,  began  at  the  end 
of  the  Mesozoic  period  and  continued  through  the  Tertiary. 

(Dana  p.  784  and  785.)  "The  great  modintains  of  the  globe  did 
not  take  the  larger  part  of  their  elevation  until  the  Tertiary." 

(P.  826.)  "The  great  era  of  mountain  making  for  all  continents 
began  in  the  early  Tertiary  and  continued  to  the  end." 

This  is  conclusive  as  to  the  correspondence  of  the  Diy  Land, 
day  of  Moses  and  the  Tertiary  Period  of  the  geologists. 


18  THE  MOSAICAL  ACCOUNT  OF  CREATION. 

A  further  claim  for  Moses  Is  found  in  the  12th  verse.  "The  earth 
brought  forth  grass  and  the  herb  yielding  seed  and  fruit  trees." 

While  cereals  and  grasses  which  can  only  flourish  on  Dry  Land, 
from  the  nature  of  their  location,  are  not  easily  preserved  as  fossils, 
yet  Geology  confirms  the  identity  of  the  3rd  day  with  the  Tertiary  by 
showing  that  the  "ordinary  fruit  trees"  began  their  existence  In  the 
close  of  the  Mesozolc  and  beginning  oi  the  Tertiary. 

Dana  p.  458  and  459,  thus  affording  additional  testimony  as  to 
the  identity  of  the  3rd  day  of  Moses  and  the  early  Tertiary  of  the 
geologists. 

According  to  Geology  the  first  really  permanent  Dry  Land  with 
the  great  mountains  appeared  in  the  Tertiary,  from  the  Azoic  the 
continents  may  have  been  outlined  but  they  were  continually  rising 
above  and  falling  below  the  level  of  the  sea  and  the  marine  stratified 
deposits  throughout  each  period,  Archaean,  Silurian,  Devonian,  Car- 
boniferous and  Permian  varying  from  bOOO  feet  to  25000  feet  in  thick- 
ness deposited  in  water  prove  this. 

Truly  the  above  were  fine  locations  for  Dry  Land  in  the  midst  of 
pre  Silurian  oceans  of  a  thousand  .fathoms,  more  or  less,  in  depth. 

Dawso'j  p.  19.  Laurentian  "The  earth  presented  an  almo.st 
boundless  ocean."  (p.  7G,  Silurian)  "There,  all  is  sea."  (p.  44)  "The 
vast  continental  plateaus  of  the  northern  hemisphei'e  were  almost 
wholly  submerged".  The  Laurentian  is  where  Dana  locates  the  Dry 
Land  of  Moses. 

He  does  this  under  the  plea  that  the  continents  were  outlined  in 
that  early  period.  Supposing  they  were,  they  were  not  uplifted  as 
continents,  nor  clothed  with  Tertiary  vegetation  such  as  is  described 
by  Moses,  and  no  one  knows  this  more  thoroughly  than  Dana  himself. 

In  the  Archaen  period  where  Dana  locates  the  Third  Period  or 
day  of  Moses,  there  was  no  vegetable  life  at  all,  not  even  sea-weed 
which  appeared  before,  swan^p  plants  by  millions  of  years,  and  the 
latter  flourished  In  their  swamps  and  bayous  with  their  alligators  and 
reptiles  long  ages  before  Dry  Land  with  its  vegetation  appeared 
on  the  Third  day  according  to  the  claim  of  Moses.  Dana  p.  157,  says 
of  the  period  whore  he  locates  this  3rd  day  of  Dry  Land  and  Cereals 
and  Fruit  Trees  "No  di.stinct  remains  of  plants  have  been  observed." 
Moses  is  entitled  to  a  fair  and  reasonable  interpretation  of  his 
language,  nothing  more  and  surely  nothing  less.  If  he  is  so  absurd 
as  to  locate  Dry  Land  continents  with  cereals  and  fruit  trees,  amid 
Silurian  Oceans,  let  him  bear  the  consequences,  but  if  he  locates  his 


THE  MOSAICAL  ACC0I*NT  OP  CREATION.  1« 

3rd  day  amid  other  and  more  congenial  suri'oundings,  \for  the  sake 
of  honesty  and  decency  locate  his  3rd  day  where  it  belongs,  and  In 
this  way  only  can  he  reliability  of  his  inspiration,  be  ascertained. 

This  third  day  is  the  true  key  of  the  whole  position  and  proves 
the  correctness  of  my  Intorpretation  of  the  conditions  of  the  first  and 
second  days  and  shows  how  logically  the  1st,  2nd  and  3rd  days  follow 
each  other. 

To  support  my  assertion  concerning  the  3rd  day  as  a  Dry  Laud 
period  I  have  coUec^ted  some  additional  items  frotn  Dana,  Lyell  and 
Le  Conte. 

Dana  Manual  p.  523.  "'During  the  Tertiary,  all  of  the  groat  moun- 
tain chains  of  the  world  were  made,  or  added  thciusands  of  feet  to 
their  height,  and  hundreds  of  thousands  of  "square  miles  to  their 
area." 

"The  elevation  of  the  Rockies"  In  the  TertiaiT  was  not  less  than 
11,000  feet." 

P.  525.  "The  Pyrenees  rose  (in  the  TertiaiT)  9000  feet  and  the 
Alps  10,000  feet".  During  the  middle  Tertiary  the  Hebrides  rose  3 
or  4000  feet  and  in  Sicily  3000  feet." 

"All  through  the  Tertiaiy,  Eurpoe,  Asia  and  America  progressed 
In  bolder  features  and  Dry  Land." 

Page  526.  "At  the  end  oif  the  Tertiaiy  the  continental  mountains 
had  reached  their  full  height." 

Dana  p.  458.  Early  Tertiary  "We  find  a  great  change  in  the  vege- 
tation of  the  continent".  "Here  we  find  the  first  yet  known  of  the  or- 
dinary fruit  trees  of  temperate  regions." 

Dana  p.  514,  Tertiary.  "In  the  isle  of  Sheppy,  England  fotjsil 
fruits  are  found."  "Also  figs."  Tertiary  in  n^urope  "apple,  plum, 
almond,  myrtle,  whortleberry,  maple  and  oak,  are  found,  also  alder, 
beech  and  lemon."  Lyell  p.  21G,  Lower  Tertiary  "Fossil  fruits  in 
England"   "also  custard,  apples  and  melons." 

The  additional  claim  of  Moses  for  fruit  trees  in  his  3rd  day  Is 
shown  by  Lyell  Le  Conte  and  Dana  to  be  sustained  in  the  Tertiary 
thus  confirming  the  identity  of  the  two  periods  in  all  respects. 

Notwithstanding  the  above  proof  from  his  own  Manual,  Dana 
forces  the  rd  day  of  Moses  back  into  exactly  the  position  which  is 
Identical  with  the  1st  day  of  Moses.  He  ignores  entirely  the  language 
and  claim  of  Moses,  and  its  correspondence  with  his  own  account  of 
the  Tertiary,  and  arbitrarily  consigns  the  3rd  day  of  Mo.^es  to  a  pos- 


aO  THE  MOSAICAL    ACCOUNT  OF  CREATION. 

ition  having  nothing  in  common  with  the  claims  of  Moses,  but  just  the 
reverse. 

Think  of  the  absurdity  of  locating  a  strictly  Dry  Land  conti- 
nental period  with  its  cereals  and  fruit  trees  in  the  midst  of 
pre-Silurian  oceans  of  a  thousand  fathoms,  more  or  less  in  depth. 

Dana  locates  the  3rd  day  of  Moses  in  the  2nd  and  3rd  Era's  of  the 
Archaean  Period  p.  147,  and  according  to  him  this  is  the  "Dry  Land" 
day  otf  Moses. 

Now  let  us  see  what  Dana  has  to  say  of  this  period  geologically. 

Manual  p.  147.  "Archaean  rocl<s  are  the  only  universal  forma- 
tion" since  these  rocks  were  wholly  deposited  under  water,  it  follows 
that  the  earth  was  universally  covered  with  water,  also  the  Dry  Land 
of  Moses  was  under  water,  (p.  147)  These  rocks  "extended  all  over 
the  ocean  floor,  and  were  the  material  of  all  emerged  land." 

Ocean  Floor  according  to  Dana  was  the  dry  land  of  Moses  for  be 
locates  it  Avhere  and  when  these  rocks  were  in  process  of  deposition 
beneath  the  sea. 

On  p.  lf)6  Dana  says  of  the  Archaean  "The  ocean  alone  no  great 
rivers." 
Of  the  Silurian  still  later  he  says:  (p.  169)  "Marine  life  only",  (p.  18C> 
"Sea-weeds  only",  (p.  223)  Sea-weeds  only."  (p.  238)  "Lower  Marine 
Life."  (p.  250)  "The  Continent"  included  comparatively  little  Dry 
Land. 

The  above  Is  what  Dana  says  about  the  period  in  which  he  has 
located  the  Dry  Land  of  Moses. 

Dawson  on  this  period,  of  Laurentian  (Archaean)  Dry  Land  of 
Moses  says:  (p.  19)  "The  earth  presented  an  almost  boundless  Ocean." 
(p.  44) "The  vast  continental  plateaus  of  the  northern  hemisphere* 
were  almost  wholly  submerged."  On  page  76  he  says  oif  the  Silurian 
"There  all  is  sea." 

The  above  is  a  fine  showing  for  "Dry  Land".  Dana  violates  the 
3rd  rule  of  interpretation  by  dividing  the  3rd  aay  and  locating  the  two 
parts  in  widely  different  locations.     (See  chart. 

Dana  locates  the  Fruit  Tree  division  of  the  3rd  day  in  the  Car- 
boniferous  Age,  and  as  a  commentary -upon  it,  on  his  321  page  states 
that  there  were  no  "Angiosperius"  in  that  age,  and  that  is  the  very 
class  which  includes  Fruit  Trees. 

Such  outrageous  juggling  with  the  plain  declarations  of  Mose» 
deserves  the  severest  condemnation. 

Dana  knew  that  there  was  no  vegetation  in  the  Carbonif©rous 


THE  MOSAICAL  ACCOUNT  OF  CREATION.  21 

nor  for  a  million  years  after,  such  as  cereals  and  fruit  trees,  yet  he 
Btullifles  himself  and  defrauds  Moses,  in  the  location  of  the  3rd  day 
under  conditions  which  were  opposite  to  those  stated  by  Moses. 

Dana  on  page  291  of  his  Manual,  says  of  the  Carboniferous  Age, 
where  he  locates  the  Dry  Land  cereal  vegetation  and  Fruit  trees  of 
Moses..  I  quote  not  his  exact  words  but  the  idea.  "The  Carboniferous 
Age  began  with  a  Marine  Oceanic  Period— continued  with  continental 
swampy  plains,  entirely  submerged  a  large  portion  of  the  time,  and 
ended  with  total  submersion." 

The  above  is  a  line  showing  for  Dry  Land  vegetation,  but  Is  fully 
proved  by  the  thousands  of  feet  of  solid  rock  deposited  while  beneath 
the  water  during  that  period. 

When  at  its  highest  level  Dana  (p.  355)  says  of  it.  "The  old  in- 
terior sea  covered  the  Rocliy  mountains."  The  Cincinnati  Kidge,  the 
only  land  west  of  New  Yorls  above  the  marshy  level"  no  rivers!  "No 
s^fBcient  drainage."  "The  wide  plains  marshy  and  spotted  with 
shallow  lakes." 

The  above  Is  th^  kind  of  Land  palmed  off  upon  Moses  as  Dry." 

Dana  shows  in  his  Manual  that  not  a  Plant  nor  tree  of  the  kind 
claimed  by  Moses  for  hig  Srd  day  existed  in  that  period  assigned  to 
ilia  Srd  (see  pages  351,  353  and  354)  for  the  Plant  life  of  that  Period. 
That  age  (the  carbonlfero'us)  passed  away,  also  the  Triassic  and 
Jurassic  Periods,  but  nothing  of  the  vegetation  claimed  by  Mosea  had 
yet  appeared  and  it  was  not  until  the  close  of  the  Cretaceous  fully  a 
million  years  later  that  we  find  a  great  change  in  the  vegetation  of 
the  earth,  which  ushered  in  the  forms  of  vegetable  life  claimed  by 
Moses  for  hla  Srd  day  and  these  Modern  forms  of  vegetation  became 
predominant  during  the  succeeding  age  (the  Tertiary.) 

Yet  Moses  for  his  Srd  day  is  relegated  to  a  period  v.hore  no  Dry 
Land  nor  vegetation,  such  as  he  describes  existed. 

The  fruit  trees  of  Moses  were  Angiosperms  and  their  first  ap- 
pearance was  in  the  closing  Mcsozoic  (pages  458  and  471)  4  ages  or 
epochs  later  than  where  located  by  the  geologists. 

On  page  SCO  Dana's  Manual  "no  Angiosperms"  in  the  Carbonifer- 
ous Ago.  On  page  430  "No  Angiosperms"  in  the  Middle  Mesozoic,  2 
epoclis  later.  On  pages  454,  458  and  471  "Angiosperms  and  modern 
plants"  appeared  in  tlie  closing  Mesozoic  and  early  Tertiary.  Duna, 
(p.  480)  says:  "Sea  covered  a  large  part  of  the  Andes  and  Rocky  moiun- 
t«ine."  "The  Alps,  Pyranees  and  Himalayas  were  partly  under  water, 


22  THE  MOSAICAL   ACCOUNT   OF  CREATION. 

Europe  a  great  Archipelago"  in  the  closing  Mesozoic,  "continents  were 
to  a  great  extent  submerged. 

Of  this  period  Geology  has  no  record  from  the  very  nature  of 
the  case,  but  there  are  conditions  which  logically  point  to  tht*  fact  that 
dry  land  for  the  first  time  followed  or  was  coincident  with  t^e  eleva- 
tion of  the  continents  on  the  3rd  day  of  Moses  and  the  Tertiary 
geological  period. 

Fossil  tropical  plants  have  been  found  In  abundance  within  a  few 
degrees  otf  the  pole  which  proves  that  prior  to  the  Tertiary  period  a 
tropical  temperature  extended  all  over  the  world. 

This  is  conceded  by  geologists  and  could  only  have  resulted  from 
a  dense  continuous  mantle  of  clouds  covering  the  earth  and  thereby 
preventing  the  radiation  of  the  earth's  heat  into  space. 

The  3rd  day  is  characterized  by  the  continents  rising  like  huge 
giants  from  their  ocean  beds,  higher  and  higher  they  rise,  their  crests 
passing  upward  through  the  firmament  reach  the  clouds  and  force 
them  upward  and  still  upward  into  the  colder  regions  of  the  atmos- 
phere, where  through  rapid  condensation  the  rills  become  streams, 
and  the  streams  torrents  which  go  plunging  and  foaming  down  the 
mountain  slopes. 

The  clouds  grow  lighter  and  thinner  until  their  moisture  is  con- 
densed and  then  first  the  sunshine  reaches  the  earth,  and  t)ie  ord  day 
is  ended.    The  4th  day  is  also  complete. 

The  physical  world  is  at  last  complete  and  prepared  for  those 
higher  forms  of  life,  its  creator  had  designed  for  it. 

The  continents  have  risen  above  the  sea— their  plains  are  begin- 
ning to  be  clothed  in  verdure  suited  for  the  support  of  anim.il  life- 
Forests  begin  to  clothe  the  mountain  slopes,  fruits,  berriej,  nuts  and 
seeds  are  plentiiful— the  sun  shines  upon  the  earth,  and  all  is  ready  for 
the  5th  day,  and  with  the  logic  bom  of  divine  inspiration  it  comes. 
Sunshine,  according  to  Dana,  comes  in  the  middle  of  the  l*:ilae- 
zoic  Age,  when  the  sky  was  covered  the  world  over,  with  thick  clouds, 
and  the  result  of  that  universal  claudy  condition  was  a  universal 
tropical  temperature  extending  throughout  the  Palaezoic  and  Reptil- 
ian ages. 

Had  the  Shining  of  the  Sun  occurred  at  the  period  indicated  by 
Daua,  there  would  have  been  no  carboniferous  swamp  plants  of  tropi- 
cal growth,  no  wondoiful  Reptilian  Monsters  of  the  Mesozoic  age. 

It  was  the  continual  upheaval  of  the     Tertiary     period,     which 


THE  MOSAICAL  ACCOUNT  OF  CREATION.  2a 

brought  out  the  Sunshine  and  destroyed  the  great  Reptiles  of  the  Me- 
i  OKOic,  and  yet  Dana  places  the  advent  of  Sunshine  at  a  period  when, 
if  it  really  had  appeared,  it  would  have  utterly  destroyed  two  of  ttic 
l><'arest  of  geological   idols,    •'Swamp   Plants   and   Reptiles." 

THE   i^FTll  DAY  OF  CREATION. 

Genesis  1st  chap.  20  and  21st.  verses.  And  (lod  said.  Let  the  wat- 
ers bring  forth  abundantly  the  moving  creature  that  lialli  llft^.  anti 
fowl  that  may  tly  above  tlie  earth  in  the  open  lirmanient  of  heaven. 

21  And  God  ereate<J  great  whales,  and  every  living  creature  that 
moveth,  which  the  Maters  brouglit  forth  abundantly  after  their  Icind. 
and  every  winged  fowl  after  his  kind:  and  (rod  saw  that  it  v,'as  good. 

Cottceruing  the  animal  life  of  tlie  r)th  day  thert-  is  some  ambiguity, 
i>ut  it  is  not  difficult  to  give  its  proper  i>lace  in  the  cosmogony  of 
Moses,  His  first  statement,  That  the  "waters  bring  forth'  the  moving 
creature  which  hath  life"  standing  b.v  itself  could  easily  be  referred 
to  any  period  from  the  Palezoic  to  the  Tertiary  inclusive,  but  logi- 
cally, having  located  the  :.;d  and  the  4th  in  the  Tertiary,  the  5th  da.r 
ought  at  least  to  be  contemporaneous  if  not  later  than  the  8d  and 
4th  and  logically  come  after  them. 

We  cannot  extend  tlur  r»th  da.v  bacliward  over  the  Mesozoic  agf 
-for  continental  conditions  of  the  3d  day  were  fatal  to  the  Reptilia!i 
age  Dana  p.  487  says  "at  the  close  of  the  Cretaceous  (Mesozoic)  oc- 
curred the  raost  comi)Iete  extermination  of  Species."  p  488  "The  des- 
ti^uction  W8S  due  to  the  more  or  less  complete  emergence  of  the  con- 
tinents'' also  "The  vast  majority  of  species  disappear." 

The  moving  creatures  of  the  water  therefore  of  the  r>th  day  muor 
have  been  food  tisli,  or  (Tellosts.  as  they  are  callwl)  or  Mnrin<'  Mam 
malia 

lu  tiie  9th  chapter  of  Genesis  tlie  statement  is  made  tliat  the  bl«)od 
js  the  Iffe  TtTnp  and  again  this  is  reiterated  in  Leviticus  and  Deuter- 
ouomy  and  the  Israelites  are  warned  against  eating  of  blood  becaus.' 
it  is  the  life.  This  is  one  of  tlic  most  imi)Ortant  declarations  of  the 
Bible  and  upon  it  is  based  the  plan  of  salvation.  Moses  does  not  refer 
to  this  doctrine  lightly  in  tlie  20th  verse  of  tlie  1st  Cliap.  of  Genesis. 
Blood  and  life  are  fynonymovis  terms  in  tlie  I'.ible.  and  wliatt-vor 
IXJsessea  Life  in  a  BIbiical  s(>nse,  lias  warm  red   Wood. 

Moses  In  his  5th  day  calls  for  tlie  advnit  of  the  moving  creature 
that  hath  life  (or  blood;  and  lie  does  so  advisedly. 

ReptUfiS  and  cold  blooded  animals  are  moving  creatures,  but  from 


24  THE  MOSAICAL    ACCOUNT  OF  CREATION. 

the  Bible  standpoint  do  not  posess  life,  tliey  are  therefore  excluded 
from  the  5th  day. 

Substitute  the  above  scriptural  equivalent  of  life  in  the  20th  verse 
and  it  reads  "Let  the  waters  bring  forth  abundantly  the  moving 
creature  which  hath  blood"  and  these  moving  creatures  are  the  high- 
est marine  types  of  animal  life  the  seals,  porpoises,  dolphins  and 
Avhales,  the  mammals  of  the  sea,  these  with  genuine  fowls,  logically 
precede  the  mammals  of  the  land. 

Notice  that  Moses  in  no  place  speaks  of  the  inferior  forms  of 
animal  or  vegetable  life  no  cold  blooded  animal  life  nothing  which 
flourished  in  swamps  or  beneath  the  waters  in  his  6  day's  of  creation, 
but  the  two  higher  types,  genuine  fowls  of  the  sea  and  land,  and  this 
adds  contirmation  to  the  theory,  that  each  day  was  one  vision  or  pan- 
orama (6  in  all)  occupying  one  day  or  night  as  the  case  may  have 
been,  and  this  condition  gave  rise  to  the  expression  at  the  close  of 
each  vision  "The  evening  and  morning  was." 

Each  day  of  Creation,  was  the  time  occupied  by  Moses  while  view- 
ing the  panorama  of  the  earths  development,  as  it  passed,  through, 
the  influence  of  God's  .sp.'iit,  before  his  minds  eye  while  in  a  trance. 

Again  in  the  24th  verse  IMoses  uses  the  expression   "living  crea- 
tures" for  tlie  work  of  the  sixth  day,  or  "creatures  that  have  life" 
(or  blood.) 

Common  consent  concedes  that  the  higher  type  of  land  mammals^ 
is  referred  to.  Now  since  the  animals  of  the  5th  day  are  character- 
ized by  the  same  term.s,  is  there  any  good  reason,  why  both  should 
not  be  referred  to  the  same  class  mammalia. 

Food  fish  or  Teliosts  if  they  are  included  required  continental 
conditions  for  their  existence  such  as  great  river  systems,  cool  water 
etc  examples  are  found  in  the  salmon,  shad,  etc,  which  congregate 
in  our  northern  rivers  to  hatch  their  yosmg.  Also  the  heiTing  and 
cod  along  our  northern  coasts,  and  these  very  conditions  were  brought 
about  by  the  3d  and  4th  days. 

The  elevation  of  the  continents  with  their  lofty  mountains,  and 
the  consequent  scattering  of  the  clouds,  which  let  in  sunshine  upou 
the  earth,  afforded  the  vei-j-  conditions  which  made  possible  the  life 
of  the  5th  day. 

The  ancient  reptiles  and  fish  disappeared  with  the  tropical  con- 
ditions. 

The  conditions  of  the  3d  day  therefore  locate  the  5th  as  contem- 
poraneous with  the  close  of  the  3d  or  even  later.     Dana  p  488  clos«- 


THE  MOSAICAL  ACCOUNT   OF  CREATION.  25 

of  Mesozoio,  "ganoids  give  place  to  salmon,  perch  and  herring"  Dana 
p  51G  Tertiary  "common  fish  are  profusely  represented."  Le  Conie 
close  oif  Alesozoic  "The  Teliosts  fishes  predominant  at  the  present  day 
become  abundant." 

The  above  view  is  confirmed  and  strengthened  by  the  foUowinst 
statement:  "And  fowl  flying  above  the  earth  in  the  open  firmament  of 
heaven." 

Here  Moses  evidently  means  genuine  birds,  living  on  berries, 
seeds,  fruits  and  insects,  not  winged  reptiles,  nor  reptilian  birds  with- 
out wings. 

Logically  they  follow  the  continental  conditions  of  the  3d  day, 
and  could  not  have  flourished  upon  the  earth  prior  to  those  conditions 
Those  of  us  conversant  with  nature  know  how  quicklybirds  disap- 
pear i;i'ter  death  leaving  no  trace  behind,  living  as  they  do  on  dry  land 
and  a  majority  far  distant  from  strata— forming  conditions  it  is  rare- 
ly the  case  that  their  fossil  remains  are  found  to  prove  their  former 
existence,  but  we  are  not  wholly  without  proof.  Le  Conte  states 
"nearly  all  of  the  families  of  birds  now  existing  have  been  found  in 
the  Tertiary."  "In  the  Tertiaiy  as  in  the  present.  Reptilian  (Meso- 
zoic)  birds  had  disappeared  and  only  typical,  highest  land  birds  ni- 
mained."  Dana  p  olt;  "Middle  Teiliaiy"  "Lai'ge  numbers  of  Tertiary 
birds,  have  been  found  and  described  in  France"  and  p  511  "Turkey 
owl  and  cormonrants."  Lyell  Manual  p.  233  Early  Tertiary  "Ten  spe- 
cies of  birds"  p  223  "also  birds  and  quadrupeds." 

From  the  above  proof  we  conclude  that  genuine  birds,  indicated 
by  Moses  began  their  existence  about  the  early  Tertiary,  after  the 
disappearance  of  the  mesozoic  reptilian  birds,  and  points  to  the  5th 
day  as  at  least  contemporaneous  with  the  3d. 

A  third  statement  of  Moses  the  creation  of  great  whales,  will 
when  Investigated  throw  light  upon  the  above  two  points  in  the  5th 
day.  Dana  p.  506  "The  mammals  of  the  middle  Tertiary  are  mainly 
whales"  Lyell  Manual  p.233  "Huge  fossil  whales  in  the  early  Terti- 
ary" "within  a  space  of  10  miles  the  fossil  remains  af  40  whales' 
p  J  73  upper  Tertiary,  "Remains  of  whales." 

These  fossils  were  not  of  great  reptiles  but  genuine  mammals 
of  the  sea  the  reptile  age  had  passed  away  for  ever. 

We  And  that  the  statements  of  Moses  in  reference  to  the  5th  day, 
whe«  viewed  in  their  logical  connection  with  the  conditions  of  the 
34  aad  4th  days,  locate  that  5th  day  as  contemporaneous  or  later  on 
Uk  areragre  than  the  3d. 


26  THE  MOSAICAL  ACCOUNT  OF  CREATION. 

Acctfrding  to  Dana  p.  589,  Teliosts  (food  fisb)  birds  and  whales- 
bad  their  higher  geological  development  at  the  close  of  the  Tertiary, 
while  they  began  in  the  later  Mesozoie,  and  Increased  through  the 
Tertiary  their  highest  development  was  at  its  close." 

Geologists  endeavor  to  wrest  the  Hebrew  word  "Taninum"  so  a.s 
to  mean  reptiles  and  locate  the  5th  day  in  the  Mesozoie,  among  the 
great  reptiles  of  tha  age.  The  revised  version  goes  as  far  as  it  dare* 
in  that  direction  and  translates  it  '"sea  monsters"  as  a  concession  to 
the  geologists. 

We  have  a  more  disinterested  translation  than  that,  about  2,'20»> 
years  ago  70  learned  expeits  in  Alexandria,  translated  the  Hebrew 
into  Greek  and  gave  us  the  Greelj  word  "ceta"  meaning  whale  from 
which  scientists  have  derived  cetaceous  <as  a  generic  term.) 

A  whale  is  a  sea  monster,  and  the  largest  of  all,  and  is  wh;vt 
iloses  meant  In  his  3d  day. 

Moses  gives  ifurther  proof  that  my  inte»T)relation  is  right  in  the- 
22d  verse  "Be  fruitful  and  multiply  and  till  the  waters  in  the  seas*, 
«nd  let  fowl  multiply  on  the  earth."  This  is  in  the  nature  of  a 
"Carte  Hlanche"  for  their  continual  existence,  that  this  arrangement, 
of  life  "whales  and  modern  food  fish  in  the  waters,  with  genuine, 
fowl  on  the  land,  was  to  be  permanent,  and  «H>ntinuo(iis,  and  such  it 
has  been,  find  continues  to-day. 

Apj)ly  that  22nd  verse,  .\nd  God  l)les^HHt  them  saying,  "Be  fniitfni 
and  multiply,  and  fill  the  waters  in  the  seas,  and  let  fowl  multiply  in 
the  earth"  to  the  reptiles  of  the  Mesoxinc  a.i,'e  as  Dana  and  others  do. 
(Moses  does  not.)  and  where  would  the  inspiration  od'  Moses  be. 

Nearly  the  whole  reptilian  race  Avas  unnihiliated  at  the  beginninu 
of  the  8d  day,  and  ^5carccly  a  vestige  of  it  i-emains  at  the  present  day. 

How  completely  inapplicable  is  that  22(1  ver.se  to  the  peculiar 
reptilian  life  of  the  Ivlesozoic  age  and  how  thorouglily  clear  it  makes 
the  moaning  of  Moses.  "Gofl  blessed"  this  animal  life,  and  bade  it 
"Be  fruitful  and  multiply  and  fill  the  waters  in  the  seas."  IxKJk  at  the 
salmon,  shad,  herring,  cod  fish,  and  otliers  too  numerous  to  mention. 
Illustrating  this  blessing,  while  the  I'eptiles  of  the  Mesozoie  have  dis- 
appeared. The  same  is  true  of  genuine  birds  and  whales,  all  living 
and  flourishing,  while  the  life  of  the  Mesozoie.  has  scarcely  left  m 
trace. 

In  the  light  of  that  22d  verse  how  egregiously  Dana  and  other* 
have  failed  in  their  interpretation  of  Moses. 

The  reptilian   life  which  they  substituteil   for  wijales     is     almotst. 


THE  MOSAICAl.  ACCOUNT  OF  CREATION  21 


entirely  extinct.  Tlu»  aiicieut  fish  are  iioarly  gOBe,  uiirt  i>nfy  here 
and  there  a  reprcst.'nt.-itivc  of  the  Mesosw>ir  age  is  forunl. 

While  untolfl  millions  ul'  the  I'onais  of  life  in<rh'at«-<f  hy  Woxt^  for 
the  5th  day  every  Avheiv  in  their  suitable  element  fi^M>(nid. 

Dana  in  thi.s  5th  day  violatiis  every  i*ule  of  honttst  mttftyrotatlou. 
Whert*  Moses  nays  and  iiksmis  one  thing,  Dana  makvf  him  m^an  sonie- 
thing  different. 

He  divides  his  5th  day:  which  is  one  connei't««l  i<«»no»*  Into  the 
two  parts,  locating  one  b.?two<m  his  own  arbitrary  «..hvi!'iionfl  of  the  M 
day  In  the  age  of  nioJln.sks  and  thi?  other  part  3  epcMfiM  later  in  the  rejh 
tilian  age.  See  charT.  And  such  a  botch  potch  a«  thiH  (r  called  Mosaic 
Dosniogony. 

THR    SIXTH     DAY    OF    OREATIOM. 

The  statements  of  Mojscb,  in  tlic  order  which  In  fjvcHj  i-onforms 
with  the  true  science  of  g«M)log>',  ana  "inistakcfi  r^f  iVIosc??'-  are  the 
outrageous  niisreprcsont.! lions  of  tlie  geologietn. 

There  is  no  «nn'«lion  coin'iTning  the  location  cf  tW  Wb  day  of 
Moses,  Dana  locatca  it  th-  dosin;:;  Tertiai-y  and  tlic  Muaiicviei'y  wblch 
is  probably  correct. 

To  a  person  not  a  i,'<^>logist.  reading  Dana's  cowmoKony  of  Moses^ 
it  would  appear  that  Dana  was  vindicating  the  Inspiration  of  Mo.ses, 
but  to  a  geologist  it  Is  very  clear  that  if  Dana  is  correct,  Moses  knows. 
,very  little  of  the  *xact  oi'^ler  of  creation.  It  is  a  inutlct  of  little  won- 
der then  that  rendi*rs  have  rejmdiated  the  inspirattDn  of  Moses  for 
they  relied  upon  tho  geologists  and  were  ignot-ani  of  the  fact, 
that  the  direct  statements  of  Moses  at«-  viUujr  ignoreil.. 
garbled  or  misrepi'cs«  j)tiMl.  so  that  he  is  made  to  ci.ilor.s«  u  tery  dif- 
ferent order  of  creaiii  »>  from  that  which  his  plain  Klut«\ments  indicate*. 

Dana,   however,    metaphorically   pats  Mosen   on   It'c    barU,   and   ad- 
ministers the  ifolloAving  tlose  of  idamey  to  offset  'tie  lifx^rtica  whiefc  i 
he   and   o1h<'rs    has    taken    with    tlie    Mosia<;    (.'ofimi^'ini'/       Met;    Dana^ 
cosmogony  p.81H. 

.Vccepting  the  nebniar  hy]»othcsis  as  a  reasonably  loicict  «>xplanrt- 
tiou  of  the  origin  of  the  solar  system  and  planeljii  v  ?ipheres.  the  • 
author  has  attempttnt  to  oidline  the  condition  and  development  Of 
the  eartli  so  as  to  conform  to  tlie  logical  seijuence  of  evcnti  under  the 
known  laws  which  prevail  in  tlx-  sciences  involvtil  m  thlKi  develop- 
ment. 


28  THE  MOSAICAL   ACCOUNT  OF  CREATION. 

As  is  shown  iu  the  above  treatise  the  statements  of  Moses  harmon- 
ize with  the  discoveries  of  the  geologists  in  every  respect. 

When  I  consider  that  this  vision  of  creation  is  3,200  years  old  its 
accuracy  is  absolutely  astounding  and  could  have  proceeded  from  no 
other  source  than  from  thi.s  earth's  Great  Creator. 

Incidentally  I  was  led  to  an  investigation  of  the  cosmogony  a? 
Moses  investigating  an  other  important  problem  in  geology,  and  my 
study  h^s  impressed  upon  my  mind  that  the  account  given  by  Moses 
is     absolutely     correct,     interpreting  his  days     as  indefinite     periods. 


THE  MOSAJCAL    ACCOUNT  OF  CREATION. 


2y 


CORUELATIOX  OF  THE  GEOLOGICAL     PEKIODS     WITH     THE 

MOSAICAL    DA  VS. 


The  Archaean  period  of  geolo- 
sy,  <'orre.sponds  -with  the  1st  (L'ly 
of  Moses. 

This  period  began  with  the 
tirst  condensation  of  water  ni)on 
the  earth,  and  continued  down 
tlu'ongh  the  ages,  while  the  wa- 
ter which  belonged  on  earth 
was  condensing  upon  its  surface 
and  cooling. 

It  terminated  wlien  the  waters 
of  the  earth  became  cool  enough 
for  the  lower  forms  of  marine 
life. 


First  day  or  period,  earth  an 
incandescent    heated    sphere. 

Water  condenses  on  its  sur- 
face as  it  cools  when  it  becomes 
a  dark  watery  sphere  covered 
with  df-nse  i-londs. 

Tondensation  continues  until  a 
lini  liglit  from  the  sun  in  the 
outside  world  penetrates  the 
clouds  and  evening  and  morning 
terminated  the  first  day. 

Tlie  mantle  of  clouds  rested 
upon  the  earth  like  a  heavy  fog. 


The  Palezoic  and  Mesozic  ages 
of  geologj',  are  characterized  by 
a  tmif orm  temperature  all  over 
the  globe,  similar  to  that  of  the 
tropics,  atid  due  to  the  universal 
covering  of  clouds. 

Corals  and  tropical  plants 
flourished  even  in  arctic  regions. 

rienerally   speaking  tlii're   was 
no  dry  land. 

Tlie  world's  continents  were 
either  l)m-ied  beneath  the  sea  or 
as  great  swampy  plains  just  at 
tlie  suiffice. 

The  thousands  of  feet  of  ma- 
rine rock  deposited  during  those 
ages  as  also  tlie  marine  an<l  am- 
phibious animal  and  plant  hie, 
testify  that  the  continents  of  the 
world  were  in  no  geenral  sense 
diy  land. 


THE  SECOND  DAY. 

The  clouds  like  «  dense  fog 
rest  upon  the  earth  at  the  begin- 
ning of  the  second  period,  or 
day. 

As  the  earth  cools  condensa- 
tion goes  on  and  the  clouds  slow- 
ly rise  from  the  universal  ocean 
leaving  a  clear  space  between 
the  water  below,  and  the  watery 
vai)or  abOA'e,  Avhich  is  the  firma- 
ment. 

The  above  conditions  continue 
until  the  firmament  or  clear 
space  above  the  earth  was  about 
such  jis  we  now  have  on  a 
densely  cloudy  day. 

This  2d  day  includes  the  Palae- 
zoic  and  Mesozoic  ages  of  geo- 
logy, and  is  i)roperly  character- 
ized as  the  age  of  water. 


THE  MOSAICJAL   ACCOUNT  OF  CREATION. 


The  early  "^L'trtiai-y  followed 
the  preroding  ages  ,aiul  was 
noted  in  geology  as  the  period 
when  the  conliiients  became  dry 
laud  through  the  elevation  of 
the  great  uioiintain  chains  of 
the  earth. 

Grasses,  fruit  trees  and  the 
higher  forms  of  vegetation,  first 
appeared  upon  the  earth. 


THIRD  DAY. 

•'i^et  the  dry  land  appear." 
•'And  the  earth  brought  forth 
grass   and     the     herb     yielding 
seed,"  "and  the  fruit  tree  yield- 
ing fruit." 

According  to  geology  none  of 
the  above  conditions  were  ful- 
filled until  the  early  Tertiary. 


SUNSHINE. 
('ontempo7'aneous      with      the 
close  of  the  3d  day,  and  due  to 
the  elevation  of  the  great  moun- 
tainous  backbone  of  the   conti- 
;  ^   nents  in  the  earJy  Tertiary. 


FOURTH  DAY. 

Sunshine  for  the  first  time  due 
to  the  elevation  of  lofty  moun- 
tains which  drove  the  cloudy 
covering  of  the  earth  into  the 
higher  and  colder  regions,  con- 
densing and  scattering  them. 


THE   MIDDLE  TERTIARY. 

According  'to  geology  this 
period  was  noted  for  its  genuine 
birdiS.  its  numerous  food  fishes, 
and  ita  genuine  sea  mammals  or 
great  wliales, 

These  conditions  harmonize 
with  the  claims  of  Moses  for  his 
r>th  day. 

They  all  hft<;aine  more  abun- 
dant later. 


FIFTH  DAY. 
The   physical   features   of  the 
earth  are  now  complete. 

Seeds,  grains,  berries  and 
fruits,  are  prepared  for  the  nour- 
ishment of  animal  life. 
••The  waters  brought  forth  the 
moving  creatures  which  have 
life  (red  blood),  fowls  to  fly  in 
the  firmament  of  Heaven  and 
great  whales."  These  condi- 
tions can  only  be  paralled  in 
the  middle  Tertiary. 


LATER  TERTIARY. 

Dana  in  a  chart  on  page  589, 
locates  laud  animals  (mammals) 
in  the  Tertiary, 

The  advent  of  mammals  is  at- 
tributed to  the  Quarternary  age. 


SIXTH  DAY. 

The  creation  of  the  higher  or- 
der of  land  animals,  followed 
by  man.  Later  Tertiary  and 
Quarteruary. 


THE  \T0.=?AICAL  ACCOUNT  OF  CREATEO::^.  81 


From  The  preceding  it  v/ill  appear  that  througli  divine  inspiration. 
Btoses  aocnrately  defined  the  general  outlines  of  the  earths  develop- 
neut  in  the  same  logical  order  as  ascertained  and  seconded  by  geolo- 
gists from  their  researches.  So  that  from  a  scientific  standpoint  the 
Inspiration  of  Moses  is  beyond  question. 

William  C.  Welles, 
Parkersburg, 

W.  Va, 


EXPLANATION  OF  THE  CHART. 

The  chart  is  divided  Into  3  sections,  corresponding  with  the  ago 
and  condition  of  the  earth. 

The  "age  of  heat"  (colored  red)  is  the  older  and  orginal  condition, 
the  result  of  nebular  condensation. 

When  cooled  sufficiently,  so  that  water  condensed,  and  remained 
upon  It,  began  the  "age  of  water"  (colored  blue)  characterized  by  ma- 
rine and  amphibious  life  of  plants  and  animals. 

When  by  cooling  and  contraction  at  the  close  of  the  age  of  water, 
the  continents  were  permanently  elevated  and  "dry  land"  appeared 
with  cereals,  and  fruit  trees.  Reptilian  and  tropical  forms  of  life  dls- 
iippeared  and  the  "age  of  dry  land"  (colored  green)  was  iiiaugurated. 

The  1st  vertical  column  shows  the  geological  divisions  under  each 
age. 

The  2d.  column  shows  the  corresponding  conditions  of  organic  life 
under  each  age. 

The  3d  vertical  column  shows  the  plain  interpretation  of  the  words 
of  Moses  by  the  author. 

His  1st  day  describes  conditions  corresponding  to  the  Azoic  of 
geology,  when  the  earth  as  a  sphere  existed  but  was  too  hot  for  or- 
ganic life  to  exist  upon  it. 

His  2d  day  outlines  conditions  when  the  earth  was  nearly  covered 
with  water  and  Its  seas  and  swamps  swarming  with  marine  and  am- 
phibian life.  These  forms  of  organic  life  while  important  in  the  devel- 
opment of  the  physical  world,  had  but  little  direct  bearing  on  the  great 
object  of  creatIon("the  life  of  man"  and  were,  therefore,  not  mentioned 
by  Moses. 

This  life  (marine)  being  beneath  the  sea  was  Invisible  during  this 
vision  of  creation. 


82  THE  M03ATCAL  ACCOUNT  OF  CREATION, 

.  I.I— ..«»j.»ii«      'I.    L.II  .. .!.»  .1..  i»i   ..I...    ,     n.   ■.  ■-!  I.    I.     M«  iii»....-i-»    'u---   i.^guiin'iaL  !«;■«■■■ 

This  26.  day  of  Moses,  therefore  logically  and  geologically  Includes 
the  whole  watery  age,  up  to  its  close,  when  the  continents  began  to 
rise  above  the  sea  and  the  dry  land  appear. 

The  3d  4th  5th  and  6th  days  had  a  direct  and  vital  bearing  on  the 
ultimate  object  of  creation  and  correspond  perfectly  with  conditions 
of  the  dry  land  age  as  given  in  geology. 

The  4th.  and  last  column  illustrates  the  Interpretation  of  Moses  by 
Dana  and  others.  In  this  4th.  column  the  days  are  enclosed  in  the  col- 
ors corresponding  with  the  age,  which  the  plain  teachings  of  geology 
indicate  are  identical  with  the  claims  of  Moses.  If  for  example  the 
1st.  day  of  Moses,  is  from  geology,  located  in  the  age  of  heat  (as  it  is) 
it  Is  enclosed  in  red.  Dana  in  4th  col.  gives  each  day  its  position  geolo- 
gy gives  the  color  of  the  age. 

If  geology  locates  the  2d  day  In  the  watery  age  it  is  colored  blue, 
notwithstanding  Dana  locates  it  in  the  age  of  heat. 

If  the  3d  day  of  Moses,  according  to  geology  belongs  In  the  age  of 
dryland,  and  it  does,  then  it  has  the  dry  land  badge  of  green,  although 
Dana  locates  it  partly  in  the  age  of  heat  and  partly  in  the  age  of  wa- 
ter, to  fit  their  Illogical  theories. 

The  4th.  day  logically  can  be  located  nowhere  but  In  the  continen- 
tal mountain— elevating,— tertiary— dry  land  period,  and  is  colored 
green,  but  Dana  locates  it  in  the  dense  tropical  clouds  and  swamps 
of  the  carboniferous  age. 

The  fifth  day  with  the  salmon  and  perch,  with  Its  birds  of  the  air 
and  whales  of  the  ocean,  although  such  organic  life  is  located  by  all 
geologists  in  the  tertiary  di-y  land  period,  is  divided  by  Dana  and  loca- 
ted in  the  watery  age.  This  day  is  also  colored  green  for  geology 
locates  it  In  the  dry  land  age. 

Now,  see  how,  in  Dana's  cosmogony  In  the  4th  column,  his  days 
differ  from  the  true  days  cif  Moses  in  the  3d  and  how  wofully  Moses 
Is  misrepresented  as  is  shown  by  the  colors  of  the  3d  and  4th  columns, 
differing  for  similar  days,  no  two  coinciding  except  the  6th  and  last. 


Fig  2  Illustrates  the  authors  idea  of  the  earth  as  Moses  describes  it  on 
the  First  day  of  his  vision  of  creation,  the  flame  colored  water  with  its  rolling 
billows,  surrounded  bv  dense  black  clouds  illuminated  from  below. 


SUN 


Fig;.  1  illustrates  the  rings  thrown  off  through  centrifugal  force,  the  5  outer  rings  conj 
densed  into  Planets,  the  3  inner  rings  Mercury,  Venus  and  Earth  not  yet  condensed  int(] 
spheres. 


